FAP-13
Yugoslavia
Medium Truck (1962-2003) - c100,000 built
The FAP 1313/1314, initially designated as the FAP 13, is a two-axle cargo truck produced at the Priboj Automobile Factory from 1962 until 2003, when the last 1414 was produced. It is the most recognizable and most mass-produced model in the history of FAP. Many were used for various military adaptations during the Yuoslav wars in the 1990s. Some were even used as bases for improvized armoured cars.
About Korporacija Fabrika automobila Priboj
Korporacija Fabrika automobila Priboj (Serbian: Корпорација Фабрика Аутомобила Прибој, abbreviated as FAP, is a Serbian automotive manufacturer, specialized for military vehicles. Headquarters are in Priboj. The company was created in 1952 by decree. Initially it producing licensed copies of Saurer trucks and later Mercedes-Benz NG trucks under license. Its majority is still owned by the Government of Serbia and an integrated part of its Defense Industry. As of 2024, the company still has 138 employees and an generated an annual revenue of 12.60 million euros.
Prvomajski sprevod v Ljubljani 1961
FAP was founded in 1952 by decree of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and on 30 October 1953, produced its firt Saurer-based trucks under licence, Models were 4G and 6G (4/6 tonnes). In 1959 its floor was extended, capacity grew to 3600 vehicles per year. In 1961 the company integrated the gearbox and engines manufacturer cluster ITV. The first domestically designed FAP truck was the FAP 10B and FAP 15B in 1965. The first had a Leyland engine ender licence, built by FAMOS. In 1970 a contract was signed with Daimler-Benz with the LP1113, MB 1213 and O 302 locally produced. By 1975, a new manufacturing plant with 50.000 square meters was created and povisioned 150 machines tools for a projected capacity of 10.000 vehicles per year and a Licence extended in 1976.
FAM created 12 to 26 tonnes wtrucks such as the FAP 16 (1616, 1620, 1626), FAP 19 (1921, 1926), FAP 2226 and 2626. Collaborating with the Military Technical Institute of Belgrade in 1978 led to the 6x6 military truck 2026/6×6 made in numerous variants. FAP prodiced different chassis at Zagreb, Skopje, Belgrade also for buses and other specialized vehicles. In 1986 the licence with Mercedes-Benz was extended again, for a 12-26 tonnes range. In 1984 FAP extended the factory at Manovica and created a proper design center, to design and build trailers from 20 to 70 tonnes gross weight. Until 1991, FAP had a total combined 16,468 square meters of factory space. Given their low price and the German Mercedes design origin made them very popular on exports.
On 15 July 1970 FAP associated with FAMOS in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Autokaroserija in Croatiaand the "11 oktomvri" factory of Macedonia. It soon met success on the African market and sold thoudands of trucks to Egypt, Tanzania, Sudan, Tunis, Libya, and Nigeria. There was even an endurance test in the Gobi Desert in a 1995–96 expedition for the FAP 2026 GC/B 6X6 produced in cooperation with Ikarbus. The Priboj-Belgrade-Moscow-Ulan-Bator-Beijing-Dalyan-Belgrade-Priboj was done in winter over 139 days.
The FAP 1626 with its V8 Mercedes engine was a success in the 80s when the company associated with PIK Belje to take part in the FIA European Truck Racing Championship in Hungary and Spain with the FAP 1626.
Military Models
FAP-13 with specialized cab
- FAP 13
- FAP 13-14K
- FAP 18
- FAP M930
- FAP 1117 (4x4)
- FAP 2026 (6x6)
- FAP 2832 (8x8)
- FAP 1118
- FAP 2228
- FAP 3240
- FAP 1318
Design of the FAP-13
Development
The FAP 1314 is an off-road truck based on Saurer Werke models, intended for cargo transportation and towing trailers. It was was designed and developed on the basis of existing Saurer 4G and 6G trucks, produced by FAP since 1953 under license. The FAP 1314, first of the FAP-13 lineage, is a standard cargo vehicle with a carrying capacity of 13 tons (hence the name) in gross weight, powered by the local 6-cylinder FAMOS range of water-cooled diesel engines between 130 and 145 horsepower.
Serial production started in 1962 under the designation "FAP 13" but with the start of the cooperation with Mercedes-Benz, truck designations became four-digit ones, so the base model was called the FAP 1313, until the FAP 1314 was introduced with a more powerful FF FAMOS engine, instead of the previous F engine. Production pf this model lasted until 1995. For more than 40 years these trucks became the trademark of the factory, showing an amazing durability, high cross-country ability and low failure rate.
Design
The basic truck models were the tipper and the utility box truck, but the latter came in a wide variety of specialties like fire truck, forestry, fuel tankers, livestock carries, and specialized cranes. The 4-wheel drive version nicknamed "Alerad" was most widely used by the Yugoslav People's Army. The FAP 1314, standard transport box truck and tipper, were also declined into fuel tankers, water tankers, fire trucks, mobile workshops, truck cranes, and remained important for the heavily forested roads of former Yugoslavia.
These vehicles definitiely showed their age with a classic forward long bonnet, Saurer-style split radiator grille, and louvres alonside the radiator. The bonnet was opened on eaither side by panels folding upwards along a spinal hinge, secured when no in maintenance by three bracing straps. The cab was all-metal, also with a split windshield, narrow for a driver seat and a bunk for a co-driver and passenger.
The first model had a wheelbase of 4600mm with the shortest variant at 3750mm and full lenght varying from 6160 mm to 7927 nd even 8026mm, but invariable width of 2380 mm, height of 2530 or 2660mm, a front overhang of 1192 mm whatever the version and rear pverhang between 900, 1050, 1200, 1490, or 2085 mm. The Front wheelbase was 1900mm and rear wheelbase of 1720mm. The chassis was a classic ladder type, but there lacked a ring mount in the cab's roof so the vehicle remained unarmed and nprotected.
Overall weight varied between models, from 4,92 tons to 6,8 tons and in between 4.92t, 5t, 5.7t, 5.95t, 6t, and 6.27t. The FAP 1313 had a payload ranging from 7.5 to 8t, and for the 1314, 13.7t, 13.77t, 13.95t or 14.3t. Permissible total weight for the first was 8.5t wih a total trailer weight beween 7.3t to 7.9t and for the tractor unit, from 21.6 to 24.2t between the 1313 and 1314.
Performances were average, with the 130 and 145 hp engines, from 62.10 kph for the first and 68.30 kph fr the second. In both cases, fuel consumption was 18 liters/100 km. Range and other figures are uknown.
Variants
The base FAP 13, in the early seventies, received an array of four-digit designation, with a system indicating the total mass in tons, engine power in tens of horsepower (130 horsepower FAMOS: "13"), making for the 1st production model the FAP 1313. Naturally the latter FAP 1314 had a 140 hp engine. This designation was found on the front grille of the hood, but for the earlier FAP 1314 and FAP 1414 it was sported on the door below the window.
The 4 × 2 drive variants were the following:
-
- FAP 13K — tipper (K) with 4 × 2 drive;
- FAP 13T — tractor (T) with 4 × 2 drive;
- FAP 13TK — tractor (T) tipper with 4 × 2 drive;
- FAP 13S — cargo box truck with 4 × 4 drive with lights (S);
- FAP 13SK — dump truck with lights with 4 × 4 drive;
- FAP 13ST — tractor truck with lights with 4 × 4 drive;
- FAP 13S/AV — cargo box truck with 4 × 4 drive and winch (V).
The same letter designations were retained with on the models 1314 and 1414. Those produced for the army had the letter "A" in addition like the FAP 13SK/A, FAP 13ST/A, FAP 13S/AV. The FAP 13 also found wide use throughout Yugoslavia on many chassis upgrades from various manufactures like Vatrosprem, FAP Livnica, Gorica and others. They are common as fuel or water tanks, fire and utility vehicles, wood extraction crane trucks, still running today. Versions with these special chassis upgrades for the army are known as the:
- FAP 1314S/ACV - army water tanker with 4 × 4 drive;
- FAP 1314S/ACG - army fuel tanker with 4 × 4 drive;
- FAP 1314S/AR - army mobile workshop with 4 × 4 drive;
- FAP 1314S/A-LD - army mobile crane with 4 × 4 drive.
In 1987, the truck was modernized as the FAP 1414 with new braking system, axles, pneumatics, synchronous gearbox and small increase in load capacity. After the end of production, smaller series with IMR, Kamins and Štejern engines, partially changing characteristics and number designation appeared, such as the "FAP 1415" and the very last was the FAP 1414 CV still produced in 2003. The entire FAP 13 ranges comprised the 1313, 1313К, 1313Т, 1313ТК, 1313С, 1313СК, 1313СТ, 1314, 1314К, 1314Т, 1314ТК, 1314С, 1314СК and 1314СТ.
| Specs 1313 |
| Dimensions: | WB 4600 mm, 7927 x 2380 x 2530 mm |
| Total weight: | 4.6t light, 5.7t gross. Payload 6.4t |
| Tires: | 4x2 size unknown |
| Crew: | 1 driver, 2 passengers, c16 troops in the cargo |
| Propulsion: | FAMOS 130 hp/2000 rpm |
| Speed: | 62 kph |
| Range (road/off road): | c300 km |
| Armament: | None |
| Production: | 100,000+ |
| Specs 1314CT |
| Dimensions: | wb 3750mm, 6,16 x 2,38 x 2,66m |
| Total weight: | 6t, 14.3t payload |
| Crew: | Same |
| Propulsion: | FAMOS 145 hp/2200 rpm |
| Speed: | 68 kph |